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  ^[130] Marxism and the National Question was written at the end of 1912 and the beginning of 1913 in Vienna. It first appeared in the magazine Prosveshcheniye (Enlightenment ), Nos. 3-5, 1913, under the title "The National Question and Social-Democracy" and was signed K. Stalin. In 1914 it was published by the Priboy Publishers, St. Petersburg, as a separate pamphlet entitled The National Question and Marxism. By order of the Minister of the Interior the pamphlet was withdrawn from all public libraries and reading rooms. In 1920 the article was republished by the People's Commissariat for Nationalities in a Collection of Articles by J. V. Stalin on the national question (State Publishing House, Tula). In 1934 the article was included in the book: J. Stalin, Marxism and the National and Colonial Question. A Collection of Articles and Speeches. Lenin, in his article "The National Programme of the R.S.D.L.P.," referring to the reasons which were lending prominence to the national question at that period, wrote: "This state of affairs, and the principles of the national programme of Social-Democracy, have already been dealt with recently in theoretical Marxist literature (prime place must here be given to Stalin's article)." In February 1913, Lenin wrote to Maxim Gorky: "We have a wonderful Georgian here who has sat down to write a big article for Prosveshcheniye after collecting all the Austrian and other material." Learning that it was proposed

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to print the article with the reservation that it was for discussion only, Lenin vigorously objected, and wrote: "Of course, we are absolutely against this. It is a very good article. The question is a burning issue, and we shall not yield one jot of principle to the Bundist scum." (Archives of the Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute.) Soon after J. V. Stalin's arrest, in March 1913, Lenin wrote to the editors of Sotsial-Demokrat: ". . . Arrests among us are very heavy. Koba has been taken. . . . Koba managed to write a long article (for three issues of Prosveshcheniye) on the national question. Good! We must fight for the truth and against separatists and opportunists of the Bund and among the Liquidators." (Archives of the Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute.)    [p.300]

  ^[131] Zionism -- a reactionary nationalist trend of the Jewish bourgeoisie, which had followers among the intellectuals and the more backward sections of the Jewish workers. The Zionists endeavoured to isolate the Jewish working-class masses from the general struggle of the proletariat. Today the Zionist organisations are the agents of the American imperialists in their machinations directed against the U.S.S.R. and the People's Democracies and the revolutionary movement in capitalist and colonial countries.    [p.301]

  ^[132] The Brünn Parteitag, or Congress, of the Austrian Soclal-Democratic Party was held on September 24-29, 1899. The resolution on the national question adopted by this congress is quoted by J. V. Stalin in the next chapter of this work (see p. 333).    [p.326]

  ^[133] "Thank God we have no parliament here" -- the words uttered by V. Kokovtsev, tsarist Minister of Finance (later Prime Minister), in the State Duma on April 24, 1908.    [p.329]

  ^[134] See Chapter II of the Manifesto of the Communist Party by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels (Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Selected Works, Eng. ed., Vol. I, Moscow 1951, p. 49).    [p.341]

  ^[135] The Vienna Congress (or Wimberg Congress -- after the name of the hotel in which it met) of the Austrian Social-Democratic Party was held June 6-12, 1897.    [p.343]

  ^[136] The reference is to an article by Karl Marx entitled "Zur Judenfrage" ("The Jewish Question"), published in 1844 in the Deutsch-Franzüsische Jahrbücher. (See Marx/Engels, Gesamtausgabe, Erste Abteilung, Band 1, Halbband 1.)    [p.344]

  ^[137] The Eighth Conference of the Bund was held in September 1910 in Lvov.
[p.350]

  ^[138] In an article entitled "Another Splitters' Conference," published in the newspaper Za Partiyu, October 2 (15), 1912, G. V. Plekhanov condemned the "August" Conference of the Liquidators and described the stand of tbe Bundists and Caucasian Social-Democrats as an adaptation of socialism to nationalism. Kossovsky, leader of the Bundists, criticised Plekhanov in a letter to the Liquidators' magazine Nasha Zarya.    [p.354]

  ^[139] The Seventh Congress of the Bund was held in Lvov at the end of August and beginning of September 1906.    [p.355]

  ^[140] Iskra (The Spark ) -- the first all-Russian illegal Marxist newspaper founded by V. I. Lenin in 1900 (see J. V. Stalin, Works, Vol. 1, p. 400, Note 26).    [p.357]

  ^[141] Karl Vanêk -- a Czech Social-Democrat who took an openly chauvinist and separatist stand.    [p.358]

  ^[142] Chveni Tskhoveba (Our Life ) -- a daily newspaper published by the Georgian Mensheviks in Kutais from July 1 to 22, 1912.    [p.360]

  ^[143] The reference is to the first Balkan War, which broke out in October 1912 between Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro on the one hand, and Turkey on the other.    [p.373]

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  ^[144] See the resolutions of the Fourth (the "Third All-Russian") Conference of the R. S. D. L. P. held November 5-12, 1907, and of the Fifth (the "All-Russian 1908") Conference of the R.S.D.L.P. held December 21-27, 1908 (January 3-9, 1909) (See Resolutions and Decisions of C.P.S.U. (B.) Congresses, Conferences and Central Committee Plenums, Vol. 1, 6th Russ. ed., 1940, pp. 118, 131.)    [p.380]

  ^[145] E. J. Jagiello -- a member of the Polish Socialist Party (P.P.S.), was elected to the Fourth State Duma for Warsaw as a result of a bloc formed by the Bund, the Polish Socialist Party and the bourgeois nationalists against the Polish Social-Democrats. By a vote of the seven Menshevik Liquidators against the six Bolsheviks, the Social-Democratic group in the Duma adopted a resolution that Jagiello be accepted as a member of the group.    [p.380]

  ^[146] Prosveshcheniye (Enlightenment ) -- a Bolshevik monthly published legally in St. Petersburg, the first issue appearing in December 1911. It was directed by Lenin through regular correspondence with the members of the editorial board in Russia (M. A. Savelyev, M. S. Olminsky, A. I. Elizarova). When J. V. Stalin was in St. Petersburg he took an active part in the work of the journal. Proscveshcheniye was closely connected with Pravda. In June 1914, on the eve of the First World War, it was suppressed by the government. One double number appeared in the autumn of 1917.    [p.381]